Lesson 15: all tenses in English

Lesson 15: all tenses in English

There are 12 tenses in English which are used to express various actions and events in different time frames. The 12 tenses in English are categorized into four main categories: Simple Tenses, Continuous Tenses , Perfect Tenses, and Perfect Continuous Tenses. Here is a detailed explanation of each tense:

Simple Present Tense: Used to express actions or events that occur regularly or habitually, or to talk about general truths.
زمن المضارع البسيط: يستخدم للتعبير عن الأفعال أو الأحداث التي تحدث بانتظام أو بشكل اعتيادي ، أو للتحدث عن حقائق عامة.
Example: I eat breakfast every day. (everyday= habit)
Translation: أنا أأكل الإفطار كل يوم.

Present Continuous Tense: Used to describe an action that is currently taking place.
زمن المضارع المستمر: يستخدم لوصف حدث يحدث حاليًا.
Example: I am eating breakfast right now.
Translation: أنا أأكل الإفطار الآن.

Simple Past Tense: Used to express actions or events that took place in the past.
زمن الماضي البسيط: يستخدم للتعبير عن الأفعال أو الأحداث التي وقعت في الماضي.
Example: I ate breakfast yesterday.
Translation: أنا أكلت الإفطار أمس.

Past Continuous Tense: Used to describe an action that was taking place in the past and was interrupted by another action.
الزمن الماضي المستمر: يستخدم لوصف فعل كان يحدث في الماضي وقاطعه فعل آخر.
Example: I was eating breakfast when my friend called.
Translation: كنت أأكل الإفطار عندما اتصل صديقي.

Simple Future Tense: Used to express actions or events that will take place in the future.
زمن المستقبل البسيط: يستخدم للتعبير عن الأفعال أو الأحداث التي ستحدث في المستقبل.
Example: I will eat breakfast tomorrow.
Translation: سأأكل الإفطار غداً.

Future Continuous Tense: Used to describe an action that will be taking place in the future at a certain time.
زمن المستقبل المستمر: يستخدم لوصف حدث سيحدث في المستقبل في وقت معين.
Example: I will be eating breakfast at 8 AM tomorrow.
Translation: سأأكل الإفطار في الثامنة صباحا غدا.

Present Perfect Tense: Used to describe an action that started in the past and continues to the present.
المضارع التام: يستخدم لوصف فعل بدأ في الماضي ويستمر حتى الوقت الحاضر.
Example: I have just eaten breakfast.
Translation: لقد أكلت للتو وجبة الإفطار.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense: Used to describe an action that started in the past and has been continuously taking place until now.
المضارع التام المستمر: يستخدم لوصف فعل بدأ في الماضي وكان مستمرًا حتى الآن.
Example: I have been eating breakfast for an hour.
Translation: لقد كنت أتناول الفطور لمدة ساعة.

Past Perfect Tense: Used to describe an action that was completed before another action took place in the past.
Past Perfect Tense: يستخدم لوصف فعل تم إكماله قبل حدوث فعل آخر في الماضي.
Example: I had eaten breakfast before I went to work.
Translation: لقد أكلت الإفطار قبل أن أذهب إلى العمل.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense: Used to describe an action that was continuously taking place until a certain point in the past.
الماضي التام المستمر: يستخدم لوصف فعل كان يحدث باستمرار حتى نقطة معينة في الماضي.
Example: I had been eating breakfast for an hour when my friend called.
Translation: كنت أتناول الفطور لمدة ساعة عندما اتصلت صديقي.

exercise:
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses:
a. She __________ (to walk) to the store yesterday. (Simple Past)
b. I __________ (to study) for my exam all day yesterday. (Past Continuous)
c. He __________ (to have) breakfast before he went to work. (Simple Past)
d. They __________ (to be) on vacation for a week. (Past Perfect Continuous)
e. She __________ (to play) the piano since she was a child. (Present Perfect Continuous)
f. I __________ (to go) to the movies last night. (Simple Past)
g. He __________ (to run) every morning since he started his new job. (Present Perfect Continuous)
h. They __________ (to visit) their grandparents last weekend. (Simple Past)

Fill in the blanks with the correct tense:
a. I __________ (to work) on this project for five hours.
b. She __________ (to live) in this city for ten years.
c. He __________ (to be) a doctor for five years.
d. They __________ (to travel) to Europe next month.
e. She __________ (to study) for her exams tomorrow.
f. I __________ (to watch) a movie tomorrow night.

Answer the questions according to the given information:

What did she do yesterday?
What was he doing yesterday?
What did he have for breakfast before he went to work?
How long have they been on vacation for?
How long has she been playing the piano?
What did you do last night?
How long has he been running every morning?
What did they do last weekend?
What are you doing now?
How long has she been living in this city?
How long has he been a doctor?
What are they going to do next month?
What is she going to do tomorrow?
What are you going to do tomorrow night?